Free-wheel gear with back-pedaling brake.



E. SACHS.

Paps WHEEL GEAR WITH BACK PBDALING BRAKE.

AYPLIUA'ITDN TILED [118,191].

2 BHEETB-BHLET l.

Patented Jan. 9, 1912.

Witnesses W/l W Inventor B. SACHS. FREE WHEEL GEAR. WITH BAOK PEDALING BRAKE. APPLIOA'I'ION FILED MAR. 18, 1911,

1,014,180, Patented Jan. 9, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEBT 2.

7 quiz/1110110110 ERNST SACHS, OI SCHWEINFUBT, GERMANY.

FREE-WHEEL GEAR WITH BACK- PEDALING BRAKE.

Specification 01' Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 9,1912.

.;;,a!icat1on filed March 18, 1911. Serial No. 615,410.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNST SACHS, a subject of the King of Bavaria, residing at No. 23 Schultesstrasse, Schweinfurt, in Germany, have invented new and useful Imrovements in Free-Wheel Gears with Backedaling Brake, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to a free-wheel mechanism for cycles combined with a brake appliance capable of being applied by backward rotation of the pedals of th cycle.

The object of my invention is to provide the two mechanisms as separate devices, either of them being constructed as a complete gear adapted for the respective purpose and operation and independent of the other in some respects, so that they may be mounted separately and fixed on the usual right and left hand threads provided. on the hub of the rear wheel of a cycle one after the other, and in place of the ordinary sprocket-wheel and the counter-ring therefor. in order to enable and facilitate the said manipulation, the several parts of the driving and braking gears are assembled respectively in such a manner that they form a whole appliance every one, whereby means may be employed which secure the arts to one another, the two gears being besides inclosed in separate parts.

A further object of the invention is to so construct a part of the combined gear that. notwithstanding its connecting the driving and the breaking mechanism with one another, so as to produce the; control of the one by the other, it permits (if the abovedescr bed separate mounting and also arresting the movement of the driving means, when the cycle is pushed backward, thereby preventing appl cation of the brake and rotation of the pedals.

In the drawings which form a part of this specification two constructional forms of the mechanism are illustrated by way of example.

Figure 1 is an elevation of the inner side of the sprocket-wheel and of tlie free-wheel gear located within the said wheel, the guide ring of the gear being shown in section.

Fig. 2 represents in elevation the opposite inner side of the brake, and Fig. 3 shows a 'vertical transverse section of the entire mechanism along the axis thereof. 4

to 6 are corresponding views of the second constructional form of the mechanism.

Like numerals desi ate like throughout all figures 0 the drawing.

Referring firstly to Figs. 1 to 3, the driving and free-wheel clutch comprises a number of rollers 10 arranged inslanting pockets 11 in the inner periphery of the rim of the sprocket-wheel 12. \Vhen the sprocket-wheel rotates forwardly the rollers are pressed against the periphery of a ring 13 which may be uniformly smooth, or into recesses 14 provided in the some, the said ring being screwed by means of a rightbanded screw-thread 8 on the hub in place of the usual sprocket wheel, as well known in the art. On the side of the ring then facing the spoke-flange of the hub the ring 13 has a flange 15 for guiding the toothed rim 12 and the rollers 10. The latter are uniformly controlled by a guide ring or spacer 16 located between the toothed rim 12 and the ring 13; this guide ring 16 is frictionally held by means of a spring 17 bearing against a brake disk 18 which is to be nonrevolubly attached to the frame of the bicycle by means of an arm 19 in the usual manner, so that the rollers 10 are controlled both when the toothed rim rotates forwardly and when the hub rotates backwardly. V

The brake comprises two rotating disks and two stationary disks arranged alternately therewith, all the disks being arranged on and guided by a ring 20 screwed on the hub at the side of the ring 13 by means of a left-handed thread 9 in place of the ordinary counter-ring. As mentioned parts above, one stationary brake disk is the disk- 18 whose outer periphery is overlapped by the annular flange 22 of a disk 21.. The flange 22 has one or more recesses in which the brake arm 19 and, if desired, other-pro jections of the disk 18 are located, the disk 21 thus being non-revoluble but axially displaceable with respect thereto to a small extent. Obviously, a larger number of rotatable and stationary disks may be provided and in this event several of the stationary disks can engage one another and the brake arm. One rotatable brake disk 23 is provided on the outer ring 20 and rigidly connected therewith, whereas the second rotatable disk 24 is axially displaceable on the ring 20, This can be brought about, for example, by means of fiat plaees or recesses in the ring 20, in which projections 29 provided on the inner periphery of the disk Q-tare engaged movably in the axial direction. In order to prevent the rubbing faces seizing or beemuing rough, the disk 23 is provided on its inner side with a disk of braking material. such as brass or fiber, attached non-revolubly to it by means of rivets (Fig. 6) or by projections engaging in recesses in its edge 26, similarly to the connection between the disks 18 and 21 (Fig. 3). The part is preferably eonnected for be same purpose, with a friction disk 28 by, for example, radial lugs 27 engaging in and till-- ing up recesses of the disk 28 of the above mentioned material and preventing the lat ter rotating, the said lugs extending radially almost through the entire disk. As the mid le disks, 21 and 28 are axially displaeeable. when the disk 18 is pressed toward the disk 23 all the disks are pressed together and will thereby brake the hub.

()n the inner side of the toothed rim 12 between the pockets for the rollers 10 there are cavities 30 which taper in the direction of forward rotation and contain balls 31. On the opposite flat side of the disk 18 is made a shallow annular groove 32 in which the said balls 31 controlled by a guide ring or spacer 33 can move.

The mechanism operates as follows: \Vhen the toothed rim 1'2 rotates forwardly, the rollers 10 are held back by the guide ring ltieheeked through the spring 17, and they therefore are firmly clamped between the shallower parts of the pockets 1] and the recesses 14 in the ring i whereupon the bicycle is driven. lVhen the toothed rim is held stationary, the ring 13 eoi'ltinues to rotate with the rear wheel and autoi'naticall'y disengages the clutch from the toothed rim, as can easily be understood from the foregoing description. When the bicycle is pushed back ard the rollers 10 are held stationary by the guide ring 1t; and the spring l7. so that the rear wheel hub together with the ring 13 can rotate backward without operating the driving clutch. It" the toothed rim 12 is rotated barrkwardly by the driver for the purpose oi applying the brake. the balls 31 arrive at the shallower parts of the cavities 30 and come quently press the disk 18 toward the disk 93, whereby the brake is applied, as above described. At the same time, the toothed rim is pressed against the flange 15 so that braking also oerurs at this place.

The eonstructimail form shown in Figs. 4 to 6 is similar and, in so far as the reference numerals agree with those of the form justdescribed, the individual parts which are employed are the same. instead of the balls 31. however, ratchet teeth are employed for applying the brake; namely oppositely-direeted ratchet teeth r rz'mged on the guide ring ll? and on d ll 3T loeated at the side of the toothed mm. 12 and earrying the t'rirtion spring lT engage one another, and when the toothed rim 12' rotates barkward displace the, ring 557 toward the non'displacrable bralae disk 23' pressing the stationary brake Ellmk 18' and the disks 25' and 29% located at its two sides on one another, while a braking action is simultaneously eaused both betwem the disk 28' and the disk 37 held stationary and also bet weeen the toothed rim l2 and the flange 15. \Vhen the toothed rim 12 rotates t'or wardly the ring 37 is rarried with and driven by the engaged teeth 35 and 36, while the rollers 10 are eoutrollcd by the spring 17'. In this form the brake is iia-losed by an annular flan e 3 of the brak arm and tl1uprotected lrom the dust.

lVhat l claim as my invention, and do sire to secure by Tmtlers lzdent, is:

1. In a tree-wheel gear and batik-pedaling brake, the rombination with a driving roller-eluteh, ot' a brake eomposed of adiaeent axially alined rotatable and stationary disks, a spring carried by one of the sta.- tionary disks, a member engaging the rollerelutch and trit-tionally engaged by the spring, and means for moving some of the disks axially to bring all the disks into frictional engagement and thereby apply the brake.

2. In a free-wheel and back-pedaling brake mechanism, the combination with a ring to be screwed upon the hub, of a driy ing sprocket mounted on said ring, clutch rollers operative therebelween, a spacer ring engaging the said rollers, a brake mechanism also to be serewed on the hub and composed of disks, one of which is adapted to be non-revolubly attached to the cycle frame, a spring carried by the nonrevoluble brake member and t'rirtionally engaging the spacer ring, and means for applying the brake mechanism.

3. In a free-wheel gear and baelepedaling brake mechanism, adapted to be employed on a cycle hub", the combination with a driving clutch optratiive in one direction, of a brake mechanism composed of disks, means for applying the brake mechanism, a member engaging the driving clutch and inter posed between the driving and brake mechanisms, and a checking deviee carried by a stationary part of the brake and engaging the said interposed member.

4. In a combined free-wheel and backpedaling brake mechanism, the combination with a driving gear, of a brake deviee, either being arranged on a separate ring to be lined on the wheel-hub by right and lefthand threads respectively, so as to be mounted on the hub independently, a member interposed between the said driving gear and iii.

the brake device and adapted to engage the driving gear, means for applying the brake device, and a checking spring which is in operative contact with the said interposed member and a stationary part of the brake.

5. In a combined free-wheel and backpedaling brake mechanism, the combination with a driving gear operative in one direction, of a brake composed of rotatable and stationary disks, the gear and brake being adapted to be fixed on the wheel hub separately, a member interposed between the driving gear and brake and engaging the driving gear. means for ap 'ilying the brake, and a friction spring in operative contact with the said interposed member and a stationary part of the brake.

(3. in a combined free-wheel and backpedaling brake mechanism capable of being fixed on a wheel hubthe combination with a driving device, of a. brake composed of stationary and rotatable disks arranged alternately, one of said disks consisting of an outer member having radial recesses and a base ring having lugs engaging said recesses. means for displacing the disks axially to apply the brake, a member interposed between the brake and the driving device and engaging the driving'device, and means connected with the brake to retard movement of the interposed member.

7. in a combined Freewheel and backledaling brake mechanism adapted to be fixed on the periphery of a cycle-hub by means of separate base rings. the combina-- tion with a driving gear, of a brake composed of rotatable and stationary disks one of which is adapted to be rigidly attached to the cycle f'ame, while others are axially displaccable, the rotatable disks being in angular engagement with the respective base ring, means for applying the brake, and a member engaging the driving gear and interposed between the said gear and a stationary part of the brake.

8. In a combined free'wheel' and backpedaling brake mechanism, capable of being fixed on the periphery of a cycle hub by means of separate base rings, the com-- bination with a driving gear com rising one base ring and a sprocket carried )y said base ring, of a brake constructed upon the other base ring and composed of rotatabie and stationary disks adapted to be pressed together, an arm connecting the stationary brake disks with the cycle frame, a brakeapplying gear connected with the driving gear and bearing against the brake to receive the reactive pressure of the brake and produce a braking effect between the sprocket and base ring of the driving gear when said gear is held stationary, aml a member en gaging the driv ng gear and interposed between the said driving gear and a stationary part. of the brake.

In testimonyiwhereof I have signed my name to this specification in presence of two subscribing Witnesses. v

ERNST SAC/H5 lVitnesses OLGA Hmzn, Com WAGNER. 

